Current recommendations
Based on currently available information, dogs with parvovirus should be treated similarly to other animals with gram negative
sepsis. The cornerstone of treatment is to provide appropriate fluid therapy to support blood pressure and hydration, colloids
and plasma as necessary, antibiotics with activity against gram negative bacteria and nutrition. Future double blinded placebo
controlled trials should be encouraged to identify other therapies that will provide directed therapy and improve survival
and decrease the severity of parvovirus infection. In addition many of the commonly used supportive measures should be critically
evaluated for the risk benefit ratio.
References
Otto CM, Drobatz K,Soter C, Endotoxemia and tumor necrosis factor in clinical canine parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med,
1997. 11(2):65-70.
Isogai E, Isogai H, Onuma M, et al., Escherichia coli associated endotoxemia in dogs with parvovirus infection. Nippon Juigaku
Zasshi, 1989. 51(3):597-606.
Turk J, Miller M, Brown T, et al., Coliform septicemia and pulmonary disease associated with canine parvoviral enteritis:
88 cases (1987-1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc, 1990. 196(5):771-3.
Krakowka S, Olsen RG, Axhelm MS, et al., Canine parvovirus infection potentiates canine distemper encephalitis attributable
to modified live-virus vaccine. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 1982. 180(2):137-139.
Kariuki Njenga M, Nyaga PN, Buoro IBJ, et al., Effectiveness of fluids and antibiotics as supportive therapy of canine parvovirus-2
enteritis in puppies. Bull Anim Hlth Prod Afr, 1990. 38:379-389.
Dimmitt R, Clinical experience with cross-protective anti-endotoxin antiserum in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Canine Practice,
1991. 16(3):23-26.
Mann FA, Boon GD, Wagner-Mann CC, et al., Ionized and total magnesium concentrations in blood from dogs with naturally acquired
parvoviral enteritis. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 1998. 212(9):1398-401.
Otto CM, Jackson CB, Rogell E, et al., Recombinant bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (rBPI21) for treatment of
parvovirus enteritis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Vet Intern Med, 2001. 15:355-360.
Rewerts JM, McCaw DL, Cohn LA, et al., Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for treatment of puppies with
neutropenia secondary to canine parvovirus infection. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 1998. 213(7):991-2.
Minagawa T, Ishiwata K,Kajimoto T, Feline interferon- omega treatment on canine parvovirus infection. Vet Microbiol, 1999.
69(1/2):51-53.
Ishiwata K, Minagawa T,Kajimoto T, Clinical effects of the recombinant feline interferon- omega on experimental parvovirus
infection in Beagle dogs. J Vet Med Sci, 1998. 60(8):911-917.
Otto CM. Rieser TM. Brooks MB. Russell MW. Evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Am Vet Med
Assoc 2000. 217(10):1500-4.
Mohr AJ. Leisewitz AL. Jacobson LS. Steiner JM. Ruaux CG. Williams DA. Effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability,
intestinal protein loss, and outcome in dogs with severe parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med. 2003. 17(6):791-8.
|